| ImmunCR Id : | ICR66 |
| Chemical Name : | Dihydroartemisinin |
| Plant Source : | Artemisia annua L |
| Nutraceutical information : | --- |
| Mode of administration : | Oral, intramuscular |
| Immunomodulatory mechanism : | Anti-proliferative (downregulates Cyclin E, PCNA, Cyclin D1, Bcl-xl, Bcl-2, CDK2, CDK4, inhibit Akt/Gsk3β/Cyclin D1 pathway signaling G1 phase cell cycle arrest, activates caspase -9, upregulates Bax expression); Anti-cancer (inhibit NF-κb, TGF-β, P13K/AKT/HIF-1κ, AKT/mtor/STAT3 signaling pathway, activate JNK1/2, MAPK, p38); Anti-apoptotic (upregulates caspase-9, Bim, caspase-8 protein expression, pparγ, activates Bid, STAT3, downregulates HSP70 (heat shock protein), HIF-1α, inhibit GLUT1, P13K/AKT signaling pathway); Anti-metastatic (downregulate Snail, P13K/AKT pathway); Anti-inflammatory (downregulates IL-6,17,1b,10, tnfα, STAT3, IFN-γ) |
| Description : | DHA is the first generation artemisinin, where the carbonyl in artemisinin is replaced by hydroxyl group with improved effectiveness against malaria. DHA acts as a primary metabolite for other artemisinins like Aremether, Arteether and Artesunate. |
| IUPAC Name | (1R,4S,5R,8S,9R,10S,12R,13R)-1,5,9-trimethyl-11,14,15,16-tetraoxatetracyclo[10.3.1.04,13.08,13]hexadecan-10-ol |
| SMILES | CC1CCC2C(C(OC3C24C1CCC(O3)(OO4)C)O)C |
| Formula | C15H24O5 |
| InchiKey | BJDCWCLMFKKGEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| Kingdom | Organic compounds |
| Superclass | Lipids and lipid-like molecules |
| Class | Prenol lipids |
| Subclass | Sesquiterpenoids |
| LogP | 1.621 |
| Molecular weight | 284.348 |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor | 5 |
| Hydrogen Bond Donor | 1 |
| Polar surface area | 56.535 |
| No. of rotatable bonds | 0 |
| Number of Aromatic Rings | 0 |
| Number of rings | 4 |
| Absorption level | Good |
| Solubility level | Very Soluble |
| Blood Brain Barrier | Medium |
| Plasma protein binding | Non-Binder |
| CYP2D6 inhibition | Non-Inhibitor |
