Immunomodulatory Function of Nutritionals and Nutraceuticals for Health and Wellness

Nutraceutical Profile


ImmunCR Id :	ICR1
Chemical Name :	Curcumin
Plant Source :	Curcuma longa
Nutraceutical information :	Edible, High fractions in turmeric, used as a dieatry supplement
Mode of administration :	Oral


Immunomodulatory mechanism :	In Vitro Curcumin has been shown to inhibit inflammatory responses by suppressing COX-2 and NO, NF-ĸB, iNOS, and lipoxygenase in IFN-γ or TNF-α–activated macrophages and NK cells. A study by Jain et al. revealed that curcumin significantly reduced the production of IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, and MCP-1 from high glucose-cultured monocytes. In vivo studies to determine the immunomodulatory effects of curcumin were carried out using several animal models. Curcumin reduced the levels of IL6, TNFα, and MCP1 in streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes rats. Moreover, curcumin prevented pancreatic leukocytes infiltration that might initiate ß-cell destruction. In addition, curcumin reduced CD4+ T cell proliferation and IFN-γ release from M-stimulated BDC2·5-splenocytes as well as reduced LPS/IFN-γ–induced dendritic cell maturation. Antigen-specific T-lymphocyte proliferation has also been reduced by curcumin action on both T cells and antigen-presenting cells (APCs)
Description :	The chemical compound curcumin, also called diferuloyl methane, is symmetrical. Curcuminoids, a combination of curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin, make up the 3-6% polyphenolic chemicals, or curcuminoids, that are present in turmeric.

Immunomodulatory mechanism :

In Vitro Curcumin has been shown to inhibit inflammatory responses by suppressing COX-2 and NO, NF-ĸB, iNOS, and lipoxygenase in IFN-γ or TNF-α–activated macrophages and NK cells. A study by Jain et al. revealed that curcumin significantly reduced the production of IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, and MCP-1 from high glucose-cultured monocytes. In vivo studies to determine the immunomodulatory effects of curcumin were carried out using several animal models. Curcumin reduced the levels of IL6, TNFα, and MCP1 in streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes rats. Moreover, curcumin prevented pancreatic leukocytes infiltration that might initiate ß-cell destruction. In addition, curcumin reduced CD4+ T cell proliferation and IFN-γ release from M-stimulated BDC2·5-splenocytes as well as reduced LPS/IFN-γ–induced dendritic cell maturation. Antigen-specific T-lymphocyte proliferation has also been reduced by curcumin action on both T cells and antigen-presenting cells (APCs)

Description :

The chemical compound curcumin, also called diferuloyl methane, is symmetrical. Curcuminoids, a combination of curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin, make up the 3-6% polyphenolic chemicals, or curcuminoids, that are present in turmeric.

Chemical Structure Information


IUPAC Name	(1E,6E)-1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)hepta-1,6-diene-3,5-dione
SMILES	COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C=CC(=O)CC(=O)C=CC2=CC(=C(C=C2)O)OC)O
Formula	C21H20O6
InchiKey	VFLDPWHFBUODDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Chemical Classification


Kingdom	Organic compounds
Superclass	Phenylpropanoids and polyketides
Class	Diarylheptanoids
Subclass	Linear diarylheptanoids

Physicochemical properties


LogP	3.554
Molecular weight	368.38
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor	6
Hydrogen Bond Donor	2
Polar surface area	94.092
No. of rotatable bonds	8
Number of Aromatic Rings	2
Number of rings	2

ADMET Properties


Absorption level	Good
Solubility level	Very Soluble
Blood Brain Barrier	Low
Plasma protein binding	Binder
CYP2D6 inhibition	Non-Inhibitor

Other Biological Properties